Production of Ferro Molybdenum. Opportunities in Ferromolybdenum, Ferroalloys Industry
Ferromolybdenum is an alloy formed by combining iron and molybdenum. It is an extremely versatile alloy used primarily in high-strength low alloys and stainless steels. It has numerous beneficial properties and can be used even in cast irons, some high-speed tool steels, and superalloy applications. Adding ferromolybdenum to a material helps to improve weldability, corrosion and wear resistance as well to increase ferrite strength.
Applications
The largest application area of ferromolybdenum is in the manufacture of ferrous alloys. Based on the range of molybdenum content, ferromolybdenum can be applied in the manufacture of machine tools and equipment, military hardware, refinery tubing, load-bearing parts and rotary drills.
Ferromolybdenum is also used in cars, trucks, locomotives and ships. Ferromolybdenum is added to stainless and heat-resisting steels that are used in synthetic fuel and chemical plants, heat exchangers, power generators, oil-refining equipment, pumps, turbine tubing, ship propellers, plastics and inside acid storage containers.
Uses of Ferro Molybdenum
The largest practical applications of Ferro Molybdenum are its use in ferrous alloys, and depending on the molybdenum content range, it is suited for machine tools and equipment, military hardware, refinery tubing, load-bearing parts and rotary drills. Ferro Molybdenum is also used in cars, trucks, locomotives and ships. In addition, Ferro Molybdenum is used in stainless and heat-resisting steels that are employed by synthetic fuel and chemical plants, heat exchangers, power generators, oil-refining equipment, pumps, turbine tubing, ship propellers, plastics and inside acid storage containers. Tool steels, with a high percentage range of Ferro Molybdenum, are used in high-speed machining parts, cold work tools, drill bits, screwdrivers, dies, chisels, heavy castings, ball and rolling mills, rolls, cylinder blocks, piston rings and large drill bits.
Ferromolybdenum can be used in any melting process to add molybdenum to all types of iron and steel, and is supplied in a range of sizes for furnace or ladle addition. The recovery should be substantially 100 % if used correctly. For optimum recoveries with ladle additions, ferromolybdenum should be added after the molten metal has covered the bottom of the ladle and before it is three quarters full.
Market Outlook
The demand for ferro-molybdenum is driven by stainless steel (316 stainless is the main molybdenum grade), as well as alloy steel production, and tube and pipe is a big market for ferro-molybdenum too. Molybdenum demand is heavily dependent on the worldwide steel industry, which comprises approximately 80% of molybdenum demand. Additionally, the increase in industrial activities, accompanied by the infrastructural expansion in countries, like China, India, and Indonesia, are expected to witness a growth in demand for steel, which is likely to drive the market for molybdenum during the forecast period.
Molybdenum demand could see a sharp upturn. In the meantime, stronger growth is expected to come from stainless steels and full alloy steels, both of which are consumed in a number of uses for which growth forecasts remain positive, including automotive, process and other transportation industries, as well as consumer products.
A large portion of the global Ferro Molybdenum supply is manufactured in China, USA, Russia and Chile. The most basic definition of the Ferro Molybdenum production process would be that the Molybdenum is first mined and then transformed into Molybdenum (VI) Oxide MoO3. That oxide is mixed with iron oxide and aluminium and then reduced in an aluminothermy reaction. Electron-beam melting then purifies the Ferro Molybdenum, or the product can be packaged as-is. Typically the resulting alloy will be produced as either small briquettes or as a finer powder. Ferro Molybdenum is usually supplied in either bags or steel drums for shipping.
The global molybdenum market is expected to witness a CAGR of 3.5% during the forecast period of 2018 - 2023.
Ferroalloys are generally known as the alloys of iron metal in which one or more chemical additives are added into molten iron for steelmaking. Ferroalloys serves important function in the overall process of steelmaking by enhancing the general properties of iron metal. Steel making is one of the primary consumer of ferro alloys and consumes a significant part of the total ferroalloys produced around the globe.
The future of the global ferroalloys market is healthy, expanding at an estimated CAGR of 5.9% during the forecast period of 2017 to 2025. The prosperity of the building and construction industry in a number of emerging economies is another key driver of the global ferroalloys market, wherein the development of lightweight and high strength steel grades is expected to open new opportunities. On the other hand, stringent governmental regulations pertaining to the environment and high operational costs are two glaring restraints over the global ferroalloys market. The market for ferroalloys, worldwide, is projected to reach a valuation of US$188.7 bn by the end of 2025, significantly up from its evaluated worth of US$112.8 bn in 2016.
Growing steel demand in end-user industries including automotive, ship building, construction, and several other sectors will likely be an important driver for the global ferroalloy market. The product finds extensive application in the manufacturing of different grades of steel such as carbon steel, stainless steel, etc. Abundancy of iron ore and growing demand of different steel grades due to lack of viable substitutes will boost the industry growth in the coming years. Global steel industry production volume was estimated at over 1.5 billion tons in 2015, and will likely cross 2.5 billion tons by the end of 2024, growing at close to 5% CAGR. Increasing automobile production will augment the demand for different grades of steel, hence boosting the ferroalloy market demand.
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