Maize is one of the main cereal grains which is produced throughout India and is placed 3rd position in agricultural base production though it is not our staple basic food. Maize is constituted by hull, germ, protein, starch and moisture. Maize is generally processed using the dry and wet milling processes. There is dry and wet milling process for manufacturing of by products such as starch, zein, germ and hulls. Starch is used in the manufacture of number of products such as starch esters, starch phosphates, glucose, dextrose, sorbitol, ethyl alcohol etc. Starch is the basic constituent of maize and it is converted to liquid glucose by adopting series of digestion steps on starch. It will be basically enzyme and acid digestion system. It may be enzyme - enzyme system or only acid digestion system. In the production of liquid glucose there is some production of dextrose anhydride. India is the fifth largest producer of maize in the world contributing 3% of the global production. In India, maize is grown in all seasons i.e., kharif, Rabi and summer. Of these three seasons, nearly 90% of the production is from kharif season, 7 to 8% during Rabi season and remaining 1 to 2% during summer season. Since the maize is rain dependent, it is mainly grown during kharif season. Presently, in India, maize is mainly used for preparation of poultry feed and extraction of starch. Out of total arrivals to the mandis nearly 75% of the produce is bought by the poultry feed manufacturers and 20% is purchased by the starch extractors. The wet milling industry in India is limited to certain pockets such as Gujarat, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Punjab, Karnataka and Chhattisgarh. There are about 17 wet milling units with a crushing capacity of about 3400 MT of maize/day. Gujarat is the largest producer of starch, having six units with a total crushing capacity of 1350 MT of maize per day, followed by Maharashtra with 5 units and capacity of 1050 MT and Madhya Pradesh with 3 units and capacity of 450 MT maize. There is a good scope to venture into this field for new entrepreneurs.
Few Indian Major Players are as under:
- Anil Products Ltd.
- Anil Starch Products Ltd.
- Bharat Starch Inds. Ltd.
- English Indian Clays Ltd.
- Gayatri Bioorganics Ltd.
- Gujarat Ambuja Exports Ltd.
- Gujarat Ambuja Proteins Ltd.
- Gulshan Polyols Ltd.
- Indian Maize & Chemicals Ltd.
- International Bestfoods Ltd.
- K G Gluco Biols Ltd.
- Kamala Sugar Mills Ltd.
- Karnataka State Agro Corn Products Ltd.
- Laxmi Starch Ltd.
- Origin Agrostar Ltd.
- Pondicherry Agro Service & Inds. Corpn. Ltd.
- Rai Agro Inds. Ltd.
- Riddhi Siddhi Gluco Biols Ltd.
- Santosh Starch Ltd.
- Santosh Starch Products Ltd.
- Sayaji Industries Ltd.
- Sukhjit Starch & Chemicals Ltd.
- Tirupati Starch & Chemicals Ltd.
- Unique Sugars Ltd.
- Universal Starch-Chem Allied Ltd.
- Wockhardt Health Care Ltd.
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