Introduction:

The cost of operating Cold Storage accounts for a significant portion of the overall cost. The key source of cold storage capacity, as well as the primary expense, is electricity. A cold storage room will hold fruits and vegetables at the right temperature while monitoring moisture levels, extending the fresh produce's existence until it's ready to eat. This will assist in reducing waste and saving money. Fruits that have been left at room temperature can spoil.

A cold storage room will help you keep your fruits and vegetables fresher for longer if you grow them yourself. If you buy fruits and vegetables in bulk, cold storage rooms will save you money. They can also be used to prolong the shelf life of other bulk materials like flour, sugar, and other cooking ingredients. By storing canned goods in the refrigerator, they can last longer and be safe from spoilage. By preventing canned products from coming into contact with direct lighting, they can last longer and be safe from spoilage.

Related book:- The Complete Book on Cold Storage, Cold Chain & Warehouse (with Controlled Atmosphere Storage & Rural Godowns) 4th Edition

Apples, onions, bananas, and other fruits and vegetables cannot be frozen, and long-term storage necessitates temperature regulation. Some products may also benefit from being stored in a regulated or changed atmosphere environment. Dairy products are made from animal fats, making them non-living foods. They have rancidity due to the oxidation and degradation of their fats. Foodstuffs that are sealed to keep out air and hence oxygen can have a longer shelf life. Cold rooms are important because they extend the shelf life of perishable items. They're also fantastic at eliminating waste and extending the time it takes to market these foods.

When the goods have specific characteristics that require cold storage to prevent them from perishing or degrading in quality while being stored in carefully managed and maintained containers, this is referred to as warehousing. It is a high-quality warehousing facility in Pakistan that uses advanced technical facilities to store produce for local vendors. Before being put on the market for sale, the goods are kept in cold storage to ensure their consistency.

Benefits of Cold Storage

The value of freezers and temperature-controlled storage is often overlooked. Unlike many other storage options, cold storage for vegetables and fruits, as well as cold storage for fish, is successful. These structures were designed with a particular function in mind. And, in the long run, the investment cost of cold storage is completely worthwhile. Cold Storage Has a Wide Range of Advantages:

A Range of Uses: Temperature-adjustable cold storage units may be used for a number of purposes, ranging from a drying room to help monitor the moisture content of the items being processed to a blast freezer.

Related projects:- Cold storage, Controlled Atmosphere Storage, Multipurpose, Multi-commodity Cold Storage, Food, Vegetables & Fruits Storage, Refrigerated Warehousing, Cold Chain, Industrial cold rooms, Warehouse & Rural Godowns for short term and long term storage

Customizable sizes and settings: Cooler room refrigeration technology has progressed to the point that a variety of sizes and forms are now available to meet your specific requirements. These custom units can be fitted with the required refrigerant system to satisfy your unique requirements.

Freeing up space: At home and at work, finding enough room and storage is a constant challenge. A cold storage space, depending on the type of company, is an additional challenge we face. Coolers on the inside will take up space that could be used for other items like food preparation and cooking.

Saving Money: We all have to throw away food and other items that have gone bad due to inadequate storage. The refrigeration in the cooler room would help you save money by reducing spoilage.

Operational Method

Perishables cold storage has improved noticeably in recent years, resulting in better organoleptic consistency preservation, decreased spoilage, and longer shelf lives. These advancements are the product of collaboration between physiologists and refrigerating specialists in determining the needs of fruits and vegetables and designing and operating refrigeration machines to meet those needs.

Types of Cold Storages:

Food and Agri Products Cold Storages: Fruits, dairy products, poultry, and other high-demand commodities are stored in these cold storages during the year. These cold storage facilities should be constructed near local markets and with distribution networks in mind

Off-Season Products Cold Storages: Chilies, seeds, corn, potatoes, and other items are processed in these types of cold storages to meet demand during the offseason. These storage facilities are located near the source/farms. This category encompasses almost all cold storage.

When kept at ambient harvesting temperatures, most fruits and vegetables have a very short shelf life. Post-harvest cooling eliminates field heat quickly, allowing for longer storage times. At least three days before produce is entered, cold storage facilities should be cooled to the appropriate storage temperature.

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Marketing Outlook:

The preparation and transportation of temperature-sensitive goods is referred to as cold storage, and it is an essential part of supply chain management. The use of a ventilation and refrigeration system allows for the precise control of humidity, temperature, and the preservation of constant conditions in cold storage. Since the chemical reactions occur at a slower rate, the products last longer than normal. A cold storage warehouse provides a venue for goods to be processed, packaged, and shipped.

 The organized retail, Indian fast food business, food processing industry, and e-commerce sectors are projected to expand at a CAGR of 16.09 percent in the Indian cold storage market. In India, the cold storage market is highly fragmented. The preparation and transportation of temperature-sensitive goods is referred to as cold storage, and it is an essential part of supply chain management. The use of a ventilation and refrigeration system allows for the precise control of humidity, temperature, and the preservation of constant conditions in cold storage. Since the chemical reactions occur at a slower rate, the products last longer than normal. A cold storage warehouse provides a venue for goods to be processed, packaged, and shipped.

There are some limitations and obstacles that will stifle overall business growth. The market's growth is being stifled by factors such as a lack of adequate infrastructure and reliable power sources at cold storage facilities. The popularity of online grocery sales and delivery meal services, customer preferences for fresh and perishable items, and the growth of pharmaceutical products that require specialized storage have all fuelled the global cold storage industry.

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Government Subsidies:

Via various tax exemptions and subsidies, the government has established a range of schemes to promote cold storage and warehousing in India. The Indian government has taken a number of steps to improve and develop the country's cold storage and warehousing industry. This has been accomplished through the introduction of a number of carefully crafted schemes aimed at assisting this industry with all of the requirements necessary for its continued growth, ease of doing business, attracting foreign investors, and thereby expanding its market share in the economy. Several tax breaks and incentives have been given to ensure that this sector expands at the same pace as the rest of the economy.

The National Horticulture Board (NHB), National Horticulture Mission (NHM), Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA), and Ministry of Food Processing Industry are among the organizations that have earned exemptions and benefits (MoFPI), The Mission for Integrated Growth of Horticulture (MIDH) works alongside the Department of Agriculture and Cooperation to expand and improve the cold storage industry in India with their full and complete cooperation.

Thus, the primary goal of these cold storage schemes is to provide an integrated cold chain and preservation infrastructure facility free of any breaks from the farm gate to the final user.

Ministry of Food Processing Industry (MoFPI): This scheme offers financial assistance in the form of grant-in-aid to industry players for technical civil works and all qualifying plant and machinery up to a limit of Rs. 10 crore per project.

Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture (MIDH): Multi-chamber cold storage units with energy-efficient technology, as well as provisions for thermal insulation, humidity control, advanced cooling systems, automation, and other features, are eligible for any assistance needed for the establishment of new cold storage infrastructures. According to the ministry's guidelines, which contains requirements and standards. At the same time, under the NHM or Horticulture Mission for the North-Eastern States and the Himalayan States (HMNEH) sub-schemes, cold storages consisting of long-term storage and distribution hubs with a capacity of up to 5000 MT have been provided for and promoted.

Market Research; - Market Research Report

National Horticulture Board (NHB): Any establishment of cold storage units with a capacity of more than 5000 MT but less than 10000 MT, as well as their modernization processes, are eligible to receive capital investment subsidies under the NHB scheme for the development, extension, and modernization of their cold storage for horticulture products. This is a sub-scheme of the MIDH as well. Furthermore, this is an open-ended credit-linked scheme with a scale of assistance of 40% of the total project capital cost but restricted to Rs. 30 lakhs per project in General Areas, and 50% limited to Rs 37.50 lakhs per project in North-Eastern, Hilly, and Scheduled Areas of the country.

National Horticulture Mission (NHM): Both cold storage units that fall under the category of long-term storage and distribution hubs with a capacity of up to 5000 MT are eligible for assistance under the NHM/HMNEH open-ended scheme, which is a sub scheme of MIDH. As provided under the operational guidelines under the MIDH programme, such assistance is provided as a subsidy to credit related projects at 35 percent of the capital cost of the project in General Areas and 50 percent in North-Eastern, Hilly, and Scheduled Areas.

Small Farmer Agri-Business Consortium (SFAC) Assistance: Any cold storage unit that is part of an integrated value chain project is eligible for subsidies as long as the cold storage portion does not account for more than 75% of the total financial outlay (TFO) of the project. According to the Integrated Scheme for Agricultural Marketing (ISAM) and the operational guidelines given under the same, the scale of assistance as subsidy to all such projects is set at 25% of the capital cost with a maximum ceiling of Rs.2.25 crores in General Areas and 33.33 percent with a ceiling of Rs.4 crores in North-Eastern states, Hilly and Scheduled Areas. The government has encouraged the establishment of post-harvest infrastructure in order to increase and double the income produced by farmers, as well as to reduce any post-harvest losses.

Key Players:-

·         Adani Agri Fresh Ltd.

·         Harshna Ice & Cold Storage Pvt. Ltd.

·         Crystal Logistics Cool Chain Ltd.

·         Gubba Cold Storage Pvt. Ltd.

·         Samagra Agribusiness Services Pvt. Ltd.

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