Jute is a long, soft, shiny vegetable fiber that can be spun into coarse, strong threads. It is produced from plants in the genus Corchorus, which was once classified with the family Tiliaceae, more recently with Malvaceae, and has now been reclassified as belonging to the family Sparrmanniaceae. Jute is one of the most affordable natural fibers and is second only to cotton in amount produced and variety of uses of vegetable fibers. Jute fibers are composed primarily of the plant materials cellulose and lignin.Coir is a natural fibre extracted from the husk of coconut and used in products such as floor mats, doormats, brushes, mattresses, etc. Coir is the fibrous material found between the hard, internal shell and the outer coat of a coconut. Other uses of brown coir (made from ripe coconut) are in upholstery padding, sacking and horticulture.Jute & Coir are one of the important fibre crops in India. India is the largest producer of Jute & Coir, contributing more than 60% of the total world production. Besides being the cheapest and the most important material of all textile fibers, Jute & Coir products are bio-degradable eco-friendly with numerous environmental advantages.
Uses of jute are making twine, rope, and making matting. Jute is used chiefly to make cloth for wrapping bales of raw cotton, and to make sacks and coarse cloth. The fibers are also woven into curtains, chair coverings, carpets, area rugs, hessian cloth, and backing for linoleum.
Red coir is used in floor mats and doormats, brushes, mattresses, floor tiles and sacking. A small amount is also made into twine. Pads of curled brown coir fibre, made by needle-felting (a machine technique that mats the fibres together), are shaped and cut to fill mattresses and for use in erosion control on river banks and hillsides.Coir is a versatile natural fibre extracted from mesocarp tissue, or husk of the coconut fruit. Generally fibre is of golden color when cleaned after removing from coconut husk; and hence named as “The Golden Fibre".
Total world coir fibre production is 250,000 tonnes (250,000 long tons; 280,000 short tons). This industry is particularly important in some areas of the developing world. India, mainly in Pollachi and the coastal region of Kerala State, produces 60% of the total world supply of white coir fibre. Sri Lanka produces 36% of the total brown fibre output. Over 50% of the coir fibre produced annually throughout the world is consumed in the countries of origin, mainly India.India is the world's largest producer of jute, but imported approximately 162,000 tonnes of raw fiber and 175,000 tonnes of jute products in 2011. India, Pakistan, and China import significant quantities of jute fiber and products from Bangladesh, as does the United Kingdom, Japan, United States, France, Spain, Côte d'Ivoire, Germany and Brazil.
FURTHER INFORMATION:
The Complete Book on Jute & Coir Products (with Cultivation & Processing) describes the detailed information on the subject. the major contents of this book are introduction, jute cultivation , coconut cultivation, jute yarn, jute sutli & hessian jute twine (jute rope), gunny bags, handmade paper from jute, coir pith, coir pith for absorption and recovery, Indian buying agents of coir, coir machinery manufacturers, importers of coir products.
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